JAMES VAN BLARICUM

Gas Sampling - Routine sampling of the natural gas in pipelines ensures its quality, and may also indicate corrosion of the interior of the pipeline, or the influx of contaminants.( james e van blaricum )

The extraction of NGLs from the natural gas stream produces both cleaner, purer natural gas, as well as the valuable hydrocarbons that are the NGLs themselves.

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Use of Arcasolve™ is a simple procedure which is similar in all applications. An Arcasolve™ formulation is selected appropriate for the application (to produce the required amount of acid at a particular rate). The formulation is mixed at the wellhead and injected at the desired rate to fill the wellbore or the formation. After placement of the fluid the well is shut in and acid is generated in-situ. The well is then put on production. james van blaricum





We count on our cars to get us where we want to go, when we want to go. That sense of freedom is important to us, but we also want to be sure we do our best to conserve natural resources for future generations.( signal oil and gas company )


Some economists believe the United States is setting itself up for another oil crisis. Other analysts say a true oil shock–like those of the 1970s–is unlikely because the producing nations don’t want to drive their customers away or encourage a shift to other forms Of energy.

james e van blaricum
Although not originally designed as a fluid for acid fraccing, the opportunity for Arcasolve™ in this application could be very significant. james e van blaricum




Peak load storage facilities, on the other hand, are designed to have high-deliverability for short periods of time, meaning natural gas can be withdrawn from storage quickly should the need arise. Peak load facilities are intended to meet sudden, short-term demand increases. These facilities cannot hold as much natural gas as base load facilities; however, they can deliver smaller amounts of gas more quickly, and can also be replenished in a shorter amount of time than base load facilities. While base load facilities have long term injection and withdrawal seasons, turning over the natural gas in the facility about once per year, peak load facilities can have turn over rates as short as a few days or weeks. Salt caverns are the most common type of peak load storage facility, although aquifers may be used to meet these demands as well.( james van blaricum )

As well as treating carbonate formations Arcasolve™ can be used to remove deep carbonate scale from sandstones.

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Acid stimulation - Form of hydrochloric acid is pumped down well hole to enlarge pore space in oil bearing rocks to increase flow and recovery. signal oil and gas company





Down hole - A term to describe tools, equipment and instruments used in well bore.( signal oil & gas company )


Derrick - Elongated pyramid of latticed steel mounted over bore hole for suspending and rotating drill pipes.

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Heavy oil - Long chains of hydrogen and carbon atoms. signal oil & gas company




Deethanizer - this step separates the ethane from the NGL stream.( signal oil & gas company )

Butane (C4H10) - Either of two saturated hydrocarbons, or alkanes, with chemical formula. In both compounds carbon atoms are joined in an open chain.

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Commercial field - Field judged to be capable of producing sufficient net income to be worth developing. james e van blaricum





Oil industry the business of discovering oil ( petroleum ), extracting it from the ground, refining it into a variety of products, and distributing it to the public. The development of the oil industry in the 19th and 20th cent. provided a source of energy that now supplies about two fifths of the world’s energy needs as well as a raw material that chemical and petroleum industries refine into a number of essential chemicals and industrial products.( james e van blaricum )


Oil’s first stop outside the well is an oil refinery. A refinery is a plant where crude oil is processed. Sometimes refineries are located near oil wells, but usually the crude oil has to be delivered to the refinery by ship, barge, pipeline, or train.

james e van blaricum
Pipelines are produced in steel mills, which are sometimes specialized to produce only pipeline. There are two different production techniques, one for small diameter pipes and one for large diameter pipes. For large diameter pipes, from 20 to 42 inches in diameter, the pipes are produced from sheets of metal which are folded into a tube shape, with the ends welded together to form a pipe section. Small diameter pipe, on the other hand, can be produced seamlessly. This involves heating a metal bar to very high temperatures, then punching a hole through the middle of the bar to produce a hollow tube. In either case, the pipe is tested before being shipped from the steel mill, to ensure that it can meet the pressure and strength standards for transporting natural gas. signal oil & gas company




Choke - Device to restrict rate of flow during testing of an exploratory discovery.( signal oil and gas company )

Anticline - Fold in layered rocks originating below surface in form of an elongated dome.

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Christmas tree - Branching series of pipes, gauges and valves on top end of each production well to control flow of oil or gas. signal oil and gas company





This information, relayed to a centralized control station, allows pipeline engineers to know exactly what is happening along the pipeline at all times. This allows quick reactions to equipment malfunctions, leaks, or any other unusual activity along the pipeline. Some SCADA systems also incorporate the ability to remotely operate certain equipment along the pipeline, including compressor stations, allowing engineers in a centralized control center to immediately and easily adjust flow rates in the pipeline.( james van blaricum )


Oil in Place (OIP) - Estimation of real amount of oil in a reservoir. Higher value than recoverable reserves of reservoir.

james van blaricum
The basic absorption process above can be modified to improve its effectiveness, or to target the extraction of specific NGLs. In the refrigerated oil absorption method, where the lean oil is cooled through refrigeration, propane recovery can be upwards of 90 percent, and around 40 percent of ethane can be extracted from the natural gas stream. Extraction of the other, heavier NGLs can be close to 100 percent using this process. james van blaricum




As well as treating carbonate formations Arcasolve™ can be used to remove deep carbonate scale from sandstones.( james van blaricum )

Salt cavern storage facilities are primarily located along the Gulf Coast, as well as in the northern states, and are best suited for peak load storage. Salt caverns are typically much smaller than depleted gas reservoirs and aquifers, in fact underground salt caverns usually take up only one one-hundredth of the acreage taken up by a depleted gas reservoir. As such, salt caverns cannot hold the volume of gas necessary to meet base load storage requirements. However, deliverability from salt caverns is typically much higher than for either aquifers or depleted reservoirs. Therefore natural gas stored in a salt cavern may be more readily (and quickly) withdrawn, and caverns may be replenished with natural gas more quickly than in either of the other types of storage facilities. Moreover, salt caverns can readily begin flowing gas on as little as one hour’s notice, which is useful in emergency situations or during unexpected short term demand surges. Salt caverns may also be replenished more quickly than other types of underground storage facilities.

james e van blaricum

During the late 19th cent., many of the modern oil companies were created: John D. Rockefeller invested in a Cleveland oil refinery during the Civil War and in 1870 created Standard Oil, which refined about 95% of the United States’ oil in 1880. In 1911, Standard Oil was declared an illegal monopoly and split into 34 companies, including Esso (renamed Exxon in 1972), Mobil, Chevron, Atlantic Richfield (later ARCO), and Amoco. Texaco (founded in 1902), Shell (1907), and British Petroleum (1909) were also established in this period. As the auto industry vastly increased the demand for gasoline refined from oil, oil companies expanded their search for new reserves. In the 1930s oil companies began exploiting a huge E Texas oil field that would eventually produce 4 billion barrels of oil. Chevron, Texaco, Exxon, and Mobil expanded their reserves by purchasing the rights to the extensive Saudi Arabian oil fields for only $50,000. In 1946 oil replaced coal as the world’s most popular energy source. james e van blaricum



These techniques are mostly applicable to oil wells, but have also been used to increase the extraction rate for gas wells. Because it is a low-density gas under pressure, the completion of natural gas wells usually requires little more than the installation of casing, tubing, and the wellhead. Unlike oil, natural gas is much easier to extract from an underground formation. However, as deeper and less conventional natural gas wells are drilled, it is becoming more common to use stimulation techniques on gas wells.( signal oil and gas company )

Conventional perforated completions consist of production casing being run through the formation. The sides of this casing are perforated, with tiny holes along the sides facing the formation, which allows for the flow of hydrocarbons into the well hole, but still provides a suitable amount of support and protection for the well hole. The process of actually perforating the casing involves the use of specialized equipment designed to make tiny holes through the casing, cementing, and any other barrier between the formation and the open well. In the past, ‘bullet perforators’ were used, which were essentially small guns lowered into the well. The guns, when fired from the surface, sent off small bullets that penetrated the casing and cement. Today, ‘jet perforating’ is preferred. This consists of small, electrically ignited charges, lowered into the well. When ignited, these charges poke tiny holes through to the formation, in the same manner as bullet perforating.

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Structural traps - Formed by Earth movements that fold rocks into suitable shapes or juxtapose reservoir and sealing rocks along faults. Traps may also form when rocks are domed over rising salt masses. signal oil & gas company



Flare Stack - Steel structure on an offshore installation or at a processing facility from which gas is flared.( signal oil & gas company )

Gas lift - Gas from same or nearby field is mixed with oil in tubing to lessen weight of liquid column.

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Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) can play an important role in diversifying and expanding natural gas supplies and should be a part of a comprehensive, market-based energy policy that also encourages the development of domestic natural gas resources. Visit the Center for Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) to learn more about how LNG can help meet growing U.S. demand for natural gas. signal oil and gas company



When oil is found, a petroleum company brings in a 50 to 100-foot drilling rig and raises a derrick that houses the tools and pipes that go into the well. Today’s oil wells average 5,000 feet deep and may sink below 20,000 feet.( james e van blaricum )

Shale shaker - Drilling mud passed over to sieve out cuttings.

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Magma - Molten material that makes up Earth’s crust. james van blaricum



Natural Gas Liquid (NGL) - Liquid hydrocarbons found in association with natural gas.( james e van blaricum )

Cretaceous - Period of geological time about 144 - 65 million years ago.

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Companies called “jobbers” handle the wholesale distribution of oil. There are 15,000 jobbers in the U.S., and they sell just about everything that comes out of a barrel of crude oil. Jobbers fill bulk orders for petroleum products from gasoline stations, industries, utility companies, farmers, and so on. signal oil and gas company



It is normally used for the removal of skin damage associated with work-over, well killing or injection fluids, and by precipitation of scale deposits in tubulars, the wellbore or within the formation.( james van blaricum )

In addition to these considerations, aquifer formations typically require a great deal more ‘cushion gas’ than do depleted reservoirs. Since there is no naturally occurring gas in the formation to begin with, a certain amount of natural gas that is injected will ultimately prove physically unrecoverable. In aquifer formations, cushion gas requirements can be as high as 80 percent of the total gas volume. While it is possible to extract cushion gas from depleted reservoirs, doing so from aquifer formations could have negative effects, including formation damage. As such, most of the cushion gas that is injected into any one aquifer formation may remain unrecoverable, even after the storage facility is shut down. Most aquifer storage facilities were developed when the price of natural gas was low, meaning this cushion gas was not very expensive to give up. However, with higher prices, aquifer formations are increasingly expensive to develop.

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Oil - Mixture of liquid hydrocarbons of different molecular weights. signal oil & gas company



By proceeding from the lightest hydrocarbons to the heaviest, it is possible to separate the different NGLs reasonably easily.( signal oil and gas company )

To satisfy our appetite for petroleum, the United States has become increasingly dependent upon other countries for petroleum. In 1994 we purchased 45 percent of our petroleum from other countries.

james van blaricum

Geologically, depleted reservoir formations must have high permeability and porosity. The porosity of the formation determines the amount of natural gas that it may hold, while its permeability determines the rate at which natural gas flows through the formation, which in turn determines the rate of injection and withdrawal of working gas. In certain instances, the formation may be stimulated to increase permeability. james van blaricum



Pleistocene - Division of Quaternary period, also known as Ice Age.( signal oil & gas company )

Topsides - Top of an installation positioned on jacket.

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Production casing, alternatively called the ‘oil string’ or ‘long string’, is installed last and is the deepest section of casing in a well. This is the casing that provides a conduit from the surface of the well to the petroleum producing formation. The size of the production casing depends on a number of considerations, including the lifting equipment to be used, the number of completions required, and the possibility of deepening the well at a later time. For example, if it is expected that the well will be deepened at a later date, then the production casing must be wide enough to allow the passage of a drill bit later on. james e van blaricum

JAMES E. VAN BLARICUM

Once the pipe is in place, trenches are dug alongside the laid out pipe. These trenches are typically 5 to 6 feet deep, as the regulations require the pipe to be at least 30 inches below the surface. In certain areas, however, including road crossings and bodies of water, the pipe is buried even deeper. Once the trenches are dug, the pipe is assembled and contoured. This includes welding the sections of pipe together into one continuous pipeline, and bending it slightly, if needed, to fit the contour of the pipelines path. Coating is applied to the ends of the pipes (the coating applied at a coating mill typically leaves the ends of the pipe clean, so as not to interfere with welding), and the entire coating of the pipe is inspected to ensure that it is free from defects.

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Surface casing is the next type of casing to be installed. It can be anywhere from a few hundred to 2,000 feet long, and is smaller in diameter than the conductor casing. When installed, the surface casing fits inside the top of the conductor casing. The primary purpose of surface casing is to protect fresh water deposits near the surface of the well from being contaminated by leaking hydrocarbons or salt water from deeper underground. It also serves as a conduit for drilling mud returning to the surface, and helps protect the drill hole from being damaged during drilling. Surface casing, like conductor casing, is also cemented into place. Regulations often dictate the thickness of the cement to be used, to ensure that there is little possibility of freshwater contamination.

Besides changing driving habits, what can I do to improve vehicle fuel efficiency? - Maintain your vehicle. Have your car tuned regularly and keep tires properly inflated. An engine tune-up can improve car fuel economy by an average of one mile per gallon; under-inflated tires can reduce it by that amount. Also, less use of your air conditioner can improve fuel economy by as much as two miles per gallon.

Although there are several ways that methane, and thus natural gas, may be formed, it is usually found underneath the surface of the earth. As natural gas has a low density, once formed it will rise towards the surface of the earth through loose, shale type rock and other material. Most of this methane will simply rise to the surface and dissipate into the air. However, a great deal of this methane will rise up into geological formations that ‘trap’ the gas under the ground. These formations are made up of layers of porous, sedimentary rock (kind of like a sponge, that soaks up and contains the gas), with a denser, impermeable layer of rock on top. This impermeable rock traps the natural gas under the ground. If these formations are large enough, they can trap a great deal of natural gas underground, in what is known as a reservoir. There are a number of different types of these formations, but the most common is created when the impermeable sedimentary rock forms a ‘dome’ shape, like an umbrella that catches all of the natural gas that is floating to the surface. There are a number of ways that this sort of ‘dome’ may be formed. For instance, faults are a common location for oil and natural gas deposits to exist. A fault occurs when the normal sedimentary layers sort of ’split’ vertically, so that impermeable rock shifts down to trap natural gas in the more permeable limestone or sandstone layers. Essentially, the geological formation which layers impermeable rock over more porous, oil and gas rich sediment, has the potential to form a reservoir. The picture below shows how natural gas and oil can be trapped under impermeable sedimentary rock, in what is known as an anticlinal formation. To successfully bring these fossil fuels to the surface, a hole must be drilled through the impermeable rock to release the fossil fuels under pressure. Note that in reservoirs that contain oil and gas, the gas, being the least dense, is found closest to the surface, with the oil beneath it, typically followed by a certain amount of water.(signal oil and gas)


Some economists believe the United States is setting itself up for another oil crisis. Other analysts say a true oil shock–like those of the 1970s–is unlikely because the producing nations don’t want to drive their customers away or encourage a shift to other forms Of energy.

james van blaricum

The use of any type of completion depends on the characteristics and location of the hydrocarbon formation to be mined.

Matrix acidizing was the initial application for Arcasolve™. The permeability of carbonate rock formations is increased over a 10 to 20 foot radius around the wellbore, by placing the fluid and allowing the produced acid to dissolve a portion of the rock. Increase in the permeability allows a greater rate of production of oil or gas (or greater rate of injection of fluids in the case of injector wells used for pressure maintenance).

Gelled acids are used to retard acid reaction rate in treatments such as acid fracturing. Retardation results from the increased fluid viscosity reducing the rate of acid transfer to the fracture wall. Use of the gelling agents (normally water soluble polymers) is limited to lower temperature formations as most gelling agents degrade rapidly in acid solution at temperatures above 130°F (55°C) .(james e van blaricum)


Gel breaking is another application for Arcasolve™ for which additional patents are granted or pending. Arcasolve™ can be incorporated into acid sensitive gel systems such as borate cross linked guar so as to produce a complete break within a specific, desired time frame.

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The extraction of NGLs from the natural gas stream produces both cleaner, purer natural gas, as well as the valuable hydrocarbons that are the NGLs themselves.

Depropanizer - the next step separates the propane.

In order to process and transport associated dissolved natural gas, it must be separated from the oil in which it is dissolved. This separation of natural gas from oil is most often done using equipment installed at or near the wellhead.(james e van blaricum)


Many oil-producing nations in the Middle East and Latin America have set up their own refining operations since the 1970s, and state-owned oil companies in OPEC countries are now among the world’s largest. Many large oil companies have diversified into chemicals, and oil prices are increasingly set on commodity trading exchanges such as the New York Mercantile Exchange. Beginning in the late 1990s, the industry saw increased consolidation as already large oil companies merged with each other, including Exxon (the largest U.S. oil company) with Mobil (the second largest; forming ExxonMobil), Chevron with Texaco and Unocal as Chevron, British Petroleum with Amoco and ARCO as BP, and Conoco with Phillips Petroleum as ConocoPhillips.

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Gel breaking is another application for Arcasolve™ for which additional patents are granted or pending. Arcasolve™ can be incorporated into acid sensitive gel systems such as borate cross linked guar so as to produce a complete break within a specific, desired time frame.

Turbine compressors gain their energy by using up a small proportion of the natural gas that they compress. The turbine itself serves to operate a centrifugal compressor, which contains a type of fan that compresses and pumps the natural gas through the pipeline. Some compressor stations are operated by using an electric motor to turn the same type of centrifugal compressor. This type of compression does not require the use of any of the natural gas from the pipe, however it does require a reliable source of electricity nearby. Reciprocating natural gas engines are also used to power some compressor stations. These engines resemble a very large automobile engine, and are powered by natural gas from the pipeline. The combustion of the gas powers pistons on the outside of the engine, which serves to compress the natural gas.

The report analyzes natural gas demand, supply, and transmission in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. The demand analysis provides an understanding of the economic and environmental determinants of natural gas consumption to estimate how the various sectors respond to different gas price regimes. The supply analysis develops a basin-by-basin supply picture, and examines potential new sources of supply such as liquefied natural gas and Arctic gas. The transmission portion of the report provides an extensive review of existing and planned infrastructure in North America emphasizing, among other things, the need to maintain the current infrastructure and to ensure its reliability.(signal oil and gas)


The toxicity of corrosion inhibitors presents problems when disposing of spent HCl based acidizing fluid.. Arcasolve™ presents minimal chemical safety/toxicity problems to well process operators and is recognized to be a “green” product.

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A new innovation in this process has been the addition of flash tank separator-condensers. As well as absorbing water from the wet gas stream, the glycol solution occasionally carries with it small amounts of methane and other compounds found in the wet gas. In the past, this methane was simply vented out of the boiler. In addition to losing a portion of the natural gas that was extracted, this venting contributes to air pollution and the greenhouse effect. In order to decrease the amount of methane and other compounds that are lost, flash tank separator-condensers work to remove these compounds before the glycol solution reaches the boiler. Essentially, a flash tank separator consists of a device that reduces the pressure of the glycol solution stream, allowing the methane and other hydrocarbons to vaporize (’flash’). The glycol solution then travels to the boiler, which may also be fitted with air or water cooled condensers, which serve to capture any remaining organic compounds that may remain in the glycol solution. In practice, according to the Department of Energy’s Office of Fossil Energy, these systems have been shown to recover 90 to 99 percent of methane that would otherwise be flared into the atmosphere.

Gel breaking is another application for Arcasolve™ for which additional patents are granted or pending. Arcasolve™ can be incorporated into acid sensitive gel systems such as borate cross linked guar so as to produce a complete break within a specific, desired time frame.

There was an early recognition that it was desirable to delay the rate of reaction of the acid and a variety of techniques have been developed to achieve this. Patents relating to several of these techniques have been issued. Further information on these retarded acid systems is given below.(james e van blaricum)


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Signal Oil and Gas - Why do we need oil?

James van Blaricum, we put oil in our engines to serve several purposes. First, obviously, oil acts as a lubricant. If your engine is operating correctly, there is almost no metal to metal contact - everything is riding on a thin film of oil. Jim van Blaricum, however, oil has several other important jobs to do. Signal Oil and Gas circulates throughout your engine, and cools parts that cannot get near a water jacket. For example, it’s becoming common in sport bikes to spray oil on the underside of the piston to cool it. There are no water jackets at all in your transmission. Motorcycle transmissions are oil cooled.

Jim van Blaricum, your piston rings do not do a perfect job of sealing. Some combustion by products will slip past the rings into the engine. This can be little particles of carbon. Remember, diamond is carbon that was combined under heat and pressure. James van Blaricum, these little carbon particles can be quite damaging to your engine. Another job of your oil is to hold these particles in suspension until the oil filter can grab them. Jim van Blaricum, also, if your gasoline has sulpher in it (it does), this sulpher can react with water and oxygen to make sulphuric acid. This is some stuff that is seriously bad for your engine. James van Blaricum, your oil has special ingredients in it called buffers to neutralize acids. Finally, your engine can get internal build ups of tars, waxes, and other gunk. Jim van Blaricum, your oil has solvents to try to dissolve this stuff and get and keep your engine clean.

Signal Oil and Gas Where Oil Comes From

Most of the bio-mass on earth is single cell plants and microscopic critters in the ocean. When these die, they sink to the bottom. James van Blaricum, often they fall into a deep crevasse or trench, where they may become covered up by an underwater landslide. Jim van Blaricum, after a couple hundred million years of high pressure and no air, the critters get squished into oil. So, oil isn’t really “dead dinosaurs,” but Signal Oil and Gas Oil stations just wouldn’t be the same with a picture of algie on their sign. Today we like to find this stuff, pump it to the surface, and burn it.

The Signal Oil and Gas we pump to the surface is a mixture of gasoline, kerosene, light weight lubricating oil, motor oil, gear oil, tars, paraffins, waxes, asphalt, sand, dirt, organic stuff (called aromatics) and the occasional dead cockroach. We call this stuff crude oil, for reasons that I think are now self-explanitory. James van Blaricum, the oil companies have the singularly smelly job of separating the crude oil into its component parts. A hundred years ago we would just heat the stuff up in a complicated still, and catch stuff that boiled off at different temperatures. Jim van Blaricum, fifty years ago we started processing the crude oil with clay and solvents to do a more precise job. Today, Signal Oil and Gas use very complicated systems where we heat the crude oil to precise temperatures, put it under high pressure, and bubble hydrogen and other stuff through it. James van Blaricum, the idea of all this is to try to get pure chemicals out of this stuff that we just found laying around in the desert.

Most motor oil has a lot of different chemicals in it with very different properties. The temperature at which the oil will start burning, called the flash point, is determined by the chemicals that burn at the lowest temperature. The higher the flash point, the more stable the oil is at high temperatures, and the less oil your engine will burn. The pour point is the temperature at which the oil stops flowing like a liquid. The lower this number is, the better protected your engine is when it’s cold. The thickness of the oil, that is the resistance the oil offers to motion, is called the viscosity. The viscosity depends on all of the various chemicals in the oil and how they react to each other and to heat. Importantly, as the oil heats up, it thins out, that is the viscosity goes down. The better the oil is at retaining its viscosity at high temperatures, the higher the viscosity index. All of these properties depend on all the chemicals in the oil. If you could get only one precise kind of molecule out of the raw oil, you could do a lot better than you can do with a mix.

Refining Oil

The oil product you buy starts as a base oil. The base oil makes up about 85% of the oil you buy. The base oil can be refined from crude oil, chemically (synthetically) manufactured, or a blended combination.

Base oils that are refined from crude oil are colorless and pretty much odorless and are sold to the public as mineral oil. The crude oil is a combination of a lot of different chemicals, ranging from light gasoline types of fuels to waxes and tars. When you heat the crude oil, the gasoline and diesel oil boil off pretty early. Unfortunately, the mineral oil, paraffin, wax and tar molecules are all hooked up with each other, and it’s not so easy to separate them from each other. Also, the crude oil contains the aforementioned aromatics, which are quite bad in your oil: they are very reactive, and when oxidized they cause all kinds of problems. Refining oil means trying to remove the bad stuff, while leaving the good stuff. The more bad stuff we remove, the better the oil works.

The simplest way to refine oil is to process it with a clay, a material a lot like kitty litter. The clay will soak up much of the aromatics and sulpher and nitrogen compounds. Then, you dilute the oil with solvent like MEK (Methyl-Ethyl-Keytone) and/or Toluene (that’s the stuff in model airplane glue that’s so popular with teenagers), and freeze the oil. The good stuff will mostly stay liquid, and the waxes will solidify and can then be filtered out. This clay-solvent refining process has been around since about 1930.

Signal Oil serves several purposes

Signal Oil acts as a lubricant

Signal Oil has several other important jobs

Signal Oil cools parts that cannot get near a water jacket

Signal Oil common in sport bikes

Signal Oil for motorcycle transmissions

Signal Oil do a perfect job of sealing

Signal Oil hold particles in suspension

Signal Oil neutralize acids

Signal Oil modern engines are water-cooled

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Jim van Blaricum processing the crude oil with clay

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